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1. in case作短语连词，能引导状语从句。

就其词义和语法职能来分，可引导两种从句。

其一：in case ／just in case引导目的状语从句作“以免，以备，以防”等解。如：

He takes a torch in case it gets dark before he returns．

Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget. 请你明天再提醒我一下,免得我忘记。

他带了手电筒，以备天黑以后回家之用。

其二：in case接条件从句，意为“如果、万一”。如：

In case we fail，we won't lose heart．万一我们失败，我们决不会失去信心。

Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot. 倘若太阳很利害，你就把帽子戴上。

In case he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait. 万一我回来前他先到了,请叫他等我。

注意: in case引出的条件从句所表示的意义是"预防某种情况的出现";如果从句说的是一般的假设或条件,则要用if 。请比较:

I'll tell him about the matter if I meet him. (不用in case)

Take an umbrella in case it rains. (不用if )

在上下文意义很明确时,有时可省去in case后从句的内容。如:

I don't think it will rain, but I'll take an umbrella in case (it rains).

2. in case of是短语介词，后接名词、动名词、代词等。

它带的短语置于句末常看作目的状语，作“以免，以防”解（A）；

置于句首常视为条件状语，作“如果，万一”解（B）。但位置不是绝对的。

(A）The wall was built along the river in case of floods．沿河筑起防护墙，以防洪水。

(B) In case of rain I have an umbrella．我带了把雨伞以防下雨。

(B) In case of rain they can't go. 万一下雨，他们就不能去了。

(A)Turn off the TV set in case of thunderstorm. 在雷雨时,关上电视机。

(B)In case of fire, dial 119 at once. 如果发生火灾,立即拨打119。

3.in the case of，就...来说, 关于。意思跟上面两个不一样了。一般表示转而提及另一件事情。In the case of woman，they have more difficulty in their job。就女性来说，她们在工作中会遇到更多的困难

In the case of his health, it is fortunate for him to have recovered from his illness like this. 就他的健康状况来说,能恢复到这样算是幸运的了。

4. in that / this case 如果那样/这样(的话);在那种/这种情况下

In that case, we'd better hold a discussion about the problem. 那样的话,我们最好对这一问题展开讨论。

He may not be back at six. In this case we won't wait for him. 他可能六点钟回不来。要是这样,我们就不等他了。

Failure is no shame in the case of a scientist. 就科学家来说,失败并非羞耻事。

5. in any case 无论如何,相当于whatever happens. 如:

You should finish your composition before school is over in any case. 无论如何,你必须在放学前完成作文。

In any case, I'll come over to the office tomorrow. 无论如何,我明天会来办公室的。

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